Jahangirnagar University Journal of Business Research

Exploring the Benefits of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Ready-Made Garment Industry of Bangladesh.

Md. Mahathy Hasan Jewel — 2026-01-06

This paper investigates the benefits associated with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the apparel industry of Bangladesh. The study focuses on seven key AI tools: Machine Learning, Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems, Optimization Systems, Image Recognition and Vision, Deep Learning, and Neural Networks. By examining the applications and impacts of these technologies, this research aims to provide insights into how AI can enhance operational efficiency, improve product quality, and foster sustainability within the sector. The study employed a convenience sampling method, utilizing a quantitative research approach through a questionnaire-based survey conducted in ready-made garment factories. A sample size of 300 participants was analyzed using Smart PLS4 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicated strong positive correlations among five variables—Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems, Image Recognition and Vision, Deep Learning, and Neural Networks—highlighting their significant impact on the apparel industry in Bangladesh. Conversely, a negative correlation was found between Machine Learning and Optimization Systems and their impact on the industry. These findings offer valuable insights for stakeholders in the Bangladesh apparel sector, guiding the integration of AI technologies.

The Role of Mobile Financial Services (MFSs) on Financial Inclusions and Economic Growth of Bangladesh

mohammad ali — 2026-01-06

Bringing non-banking people into the banking platform through mobile financial services (MFSs) is termed financial inclusion, which could be a key driver to accelerate an economy's economic growth. This study aims to establish whether MFS contributes to financial inclusion, which in turn contributes to the economic growth of Bangladesh. Secondary data of 64 months, ranging from December 2018 to March 2024, has been employed to assess whether mobile financial services contribute to financial inclusion. The sample period has been grouped into 3 terms, on which the t-test has been applied to identify the extent to which the growth of MFSs advances financial inclusion. Results from the t-test advocate significant contributions of MFSs to financial inclusion. Then, the short and long-run contribution of financial inclusion to the economic growth of Bangladesh has been assessed. Secondary monthly data ranging from December 2019 to January 2024 (50 observations) has been utilized using the ARDL model. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been used as a proxy measure of economic growth. Eleven (11) independent variables representing financial inclusion include number of total registered clients (NORC), number of total transactions (NOTT), total transactions (TT), inward remittance (INREM), cash in transactions (CIT), cash out transactions (COT), personal to personal (P2P), business to personal (B2P), personal to business (P2B), merchant payment (MP), and government payment (GP). Results from the ARDL short-run association and long-run association state that financial inclusion is crucial to Bangladesh’s economic growth.

Transforming Learning and Development Practices to Prepare the Workforce for the Future of Work: A Qualitative Study from Bangladesh

Syeda Shagin Akhter — 2026-01-06

This study explores how organizations are transforming their Learning and Development (L&D) practices to strategically prepare for the future of work. A qualitative research methodology was adopted in the form of in-depth interviews with forty-nine HR professionals from various industries to understand the changing L&D strategies. The findings show a move towards aligning L&D with wider business goals, a focus on digital skills, leadership development, and self-directed learning via e-learning platforms. Findings also reveal a shift toward integrating L&D with overall business objectives, emphasizing digital skills and leadership development. Organizations are fostering a culture that recognizes and supports continuous employee learning while increasingly linking learning outcomes with talent management and performance appraisal. Despite progress, challenges persist in the ability to quantify L&D’s impact on business outcomes. The study demonstrates the importance of developing L&D cultures that are fit for the future in order to develop agile, future-ready workforces in the face of ongoing technological and marketplace upheaval.

Firm Fundamentals, Market Conditions, and P/E Ratios: Cross Industry Insight from Bangladesh

Nusrat Rahman — 2026-01-06

This study examines the key determinants of the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio in Bangladesh’s capital market, focusing on firm-specific, non-financial, and macroeconomic variables. A sample of 81 non-financial companies from 13 industries, representing 69% of the non-financial equity market and 53% of the total market capitalization, is analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation matrices, and panel data techniques. After addressing model specification issues using the Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) model, the findings reveal that asset size and return on equity (ROE) have a significant positive effect on the P/E ratio, while the dividend payout ratio (DPR) and industry average P/E ratio (IAPE) exert a significant negative influence. The study highlights notable industry-level differences, with free float percentage significantly impacting P/E ratios in sectors such as Cement, Fuel & Power, IT, and Telecom. Overall, firm-level financial and non-financial indicators are more influential than macroeconomic factors in determining P/E ratios in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Price Earnings ratio (P/E), Panel data analysis, Firm-Specific Factors, Non-financial indicators, Macroeconomic factors, Bangladesh Capital Market

JEL Codes: G30, G11

Exploring the Skill Gaps among Bangladeshi Graduates: A Study from HRD Perspective on Higher Education

Nayeema Sultana — 2026-01-06

Purpose- This study explores the skill development gaps among Bangladeshi graduates from the perspective of Human Resource Development (HRD) in higher education, also examines the mismatch between academic preparation and industry expectations, and identifies key areas of improvement to enhance graduate employability.

Methodology- A qualitative research approach was adopted, with interviews with 46 HR professionals and 6 academicians selected through purposive sampling. The data collection emphasized lived experiences and professional insights into the preparedness of graduates for the workforce.

Findings- The findings reveal critical deficiencies in soft skills, communication, competence, professional etiquette, problem-solving, critical thinking, and real-world job readiness. Limited collaboration between academia and industry, along with outdated curricula, was identified as a major contributor to these gaps. The study recommends curriculum reform, structured soft skills training, enhanced faculty-industry engagement, and experiential learning approaches to better align higher education outcomes with the demands of a modern workforce.

Future Scope of research- Future research can explore sector-specific skill gaps, student perceptions of readiness, and the long-term impact of curriculum reforms, helping to further align higher education with industry needs.

Impact of Financial and Nonfinancial Factors on Job Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers in Bangladesh: A Mediating Role of Job Stress

Sukanto Kumar Sukanto — 2026-01-06

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the impacts of financial and nonfinancial factors on job stress and job satisfaction of primary school teachers in Bangladesh. It also finds out the mediating effects of job stress on job satisfaction. To attain the objectives of the study, a quantitative approach was used. The study used SPSS and PLS-SEM to examine how different factors affect how participants’ perceptions of the training program (Hair et al., 2021). Various statistical analyses, including descriptive analysis, discriminant validity, composite reliability (CR), Cronbach’s alpha, confirmatory factor analysis, average variance extracted (AVE), F-square test, regression analysis, and hypothesis testing, were performed. The study found that job stress is inevitable in primary school. Basically, working environment, workload, coworker relationships, and supervisory roles create job stress in the workplace. It also found that the teachers are not fully satisfied with their jobs; they are dissatisfied with their salaries, bonuses, promotions, and other logistical support. Improving the standard of education and the general well-being of the teaching staff may be greatly impacted by a study on the job happiness of primary school teachers in Bangladesh. Reduced motivation, more teacher turnover, and eventually a drop in the standard of instruction given to pupils might result from low job satisfaction. On the other hand, a more engaged and productive teaching staff can improve student outcomes and the school climate when work satisfaction is high.

Divers Influencing the Adoption of Financial Technology (FinTech): Evidence from State-owned Commercial Banks in Bangladesh

Md. Al-Amin — 2026-01-06

Purpose: The research aim of this study is to provide an understanding of the elements that influence the overall FinTech adoption of Bangladesh’s State-owned commercial banks.

Methodology: With a total sample size of 150, questionnaire surveys were used to collect the primary data sources.The entire consumer base that regularly uses FinTech was considered as a sample unit. Specific statistical techniques, such as ANOVA, correlation analysis and regression analysis, have been applied to analyze data based on categorized information in order to look into the factors influencing FinTech.

Findings: The findings imply that the adoption of FinTech is extensively and favorably impacted by social effects, internet connectivity, and trust and security. However, FinTech adoption is negatively and insignificantly impacted by performance expectations and the regulatory environment. In order to do this, banks should increase public knowledge and understanding of financial services, carry out comprehensive user education programs, and collaborate with controlling bodies to establish a regulatory framework that is conducive to growth.

Future scope of this research: To get a more complete picture of the broader FinTech industry, future research needs to involve private commercial banks, regulators, legislators, and FinTech vendors. Including more stakeholders can help paint a more accurate and comprehensive picture of the factors influencing FinTech adoption. This expanded focus will make it simpler to identify any variations in state-owned and private institutions' adoption patterns as well as the ways that legal and regulatory frameworks affect FinTech adoption.

Green Human Resource Management: Examining the Relationship Between Green Training, Green Work Engagement, and Employee Retention

Fatema Sultana Fatema — 2026-01-06

This study investigates the impact of green training on employee retention, focusing on the mediating role of green work engagement. Drawing from social exchange theory and the ability-motivation-opportunity framework, a quantitative survey was conducted among 237 Bangladeshi garment workers. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationships. The results indicate that green training has a significant positive effect on employee retention, both directly and indirectly through green work engagement. Green training enhances employees' green work engagement, which subsequently improves retention. Besides, the mediation analysis in this study authenticates that green work engagement partially mediates the correlation between green training and employee retention. These findings enhance the green human resource management literature by illustrating the dual influence of green training on retention via skill enhancement and psychological engagement. The study emphasizes the necessity of investing in extensive green training programs that encompass not only technical skills but also motivational elements. Managers should create a supportive workplace that encourages employees to take part in sustainability efforts. Adding green training to the overall HRM strategy can improve the company's reputation and attract environmentally conscious workers, which will help the firm retain employees in the long term.